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Promoting your link also lets your audience know that you are featured on a rapidly growing travel site. The observation tower accommodates for birdwatching and providing information about birdlife. Torvets indretning med møbler i forskellige højder, stående, siddende, liggende og legende, er med til at løsne den stramme form. Eller er det Marcus og Martinius?

More recently, DORA has been used as a concert venue. It is the third largest city in the country, with a population 2013 of 169,972 inhabitants within the city borders. Retrieved 18 February 2008.

Oyster Review - Olav's Way, Sankt Olavs vei , the main route, which is approximately 640 kilometres 400 mi long, starts in and heads North, along Lake , up the valley , over the mountain range and down the valley to end at in Trondheim. A from the port of Flakk in the northwest of the municipality, connects Trondheim with.

For other uses, see. Trondheim Norwegian pronunciation: ; historically Kaupangen, and Trondhjem is a city and in county,. It has a population of 193,501 4th quarter 2017 , and is the third-most populous municipality in Norway, although the. It is the third largest city in the country, with a population 2013 of 169,972 inhabitants within the city borders. Trondheim lies on the south shore of at the mouth of the River. The city is dominated by the NTNU , the Foundation for Scientific and Industrial Research , and other technology-oriented institutions. ±% 1769 11,315 — 1951 56,582 +400. From 1152 to 1537, the city was the seat of the Catholic ; since then, it has remained the seat of the Lutheran and the. It was incorporated in 1838. The current municipality dates from 1964, when Trondheim merged with , , and. The city functions as the seat of the County Mayor of county, but not as the administrative centre, which is. This is to make the county more efficient and not too , as Trøndelag is the second largest county in Norway. See also: The city was originally given the name by. It was for a long time called Nidaros English: Mouth of the river Nid , or Niðaróss in the spelling. In the late people started to call the city just Þróndheimr. In the period, during the years as a provincial town in the united kingdoms of , the city name was spelled Trondhjem. Following the example set by the of the capital Kristiania to , Nidaros was reintroduced as the official name of the city for a brief period from 1 January 1930 until 6 March 1931. The name was restored in order to reaffirm the city's link with its glorious past, despite the fact that a 1928 on the name of the city had resulted in 17,163 votes in favour of Trondhjem and only 1,508 votes in favour of Nidaros. Public outrage later in the same year, even taking the form of , forced the to settle for the medieval city name Trondheim. The name of the diocese was, however, changed from Trondhjem stift to Nidaros bispedømme English: in 1918. Trondheim was briefly named Drontheim during the , as a. Historically, Trondheimen indicates the area around. The spelling Trondhjem was officially rejected, but many still prefer that spelling of the city's name. The of Trondheim For the ecclesiastical history, see Trondheim was named Kaupangen English: market place or trading place by in 997. It was frequently used as the seat of the , and was the capital of Norway until 1217. People have been living in the region for thousands of years as evidenced by the , the and the. In ancient times, the were hailed at in Trondheim, the place for the assembly of all free men by the mouth of the River. The battle of took place in Trondheim in 1179: King and his warriors were victorious against a rival to the throne. Some scholars believe that the famous , 12th century chess pieces carved from walrus ivory found in the and now at the , may have been made in Trondheim. Due to the introduction of Protestantism in 1537, the last Archbishop, , had to flee from the city to the , where he died in present-day. The city has experienced several major fires. Since much of the city was made of wooden buildings, many of the fires caused severe damage. Great fires ravaged the city in 1598, 1651, 1681, 1708, twice in 1717, 1742, 1788, 1841 and 1842; however, these were only the worst cases and there have been several smaller fires in the city. The 1651 fire destroyed 90% of all buildings within the city limits. Broad avenues like Munkegaten were created, with no regard for property rights, in order to stop the next fire. At the time, the city had a population of roughly 8000 inhabitants. The conflict was finally settled by the on 27 May 1660. City Map of Trondheim in 1898, Norwegian edition During the , Trondheim was occupied by from 9 April 1940, the first day of the , until the end of the war in Europe,. The German invasion force consisted of the , 4 destroyers and 1700 Austrian Mountain troops. Other than a coastal battery opening fire, there was no resistance to the invasion on 9 April at 5 AM. On 14 and 17 April, British and French forces landed near Trondheim in a failed attempt to liberate Trondheim as part of the. The city and its citizens were also subject to harsh treatment by the occupying powers, including imposition of in October 1942. This new metropolis was to be accompanied by a massively expanded version of the already existing naval base, which was intended to become the primary future stronghold of the German. Today, there are few physical remains of this enormous construction project. Municipal history The city of Trondheim was established on 1 January 1838 see. On 1 January 1864, part of population: 1,229 was amalgamated with Trondheim. Then, on 1 January 1893, another part of population: 4,097 was transferred to Trondheim. On 1 January 1952, the area of Strinda population: 2,230 was transferred to Trondheim. On 1 January 1964, a major municipal merger took place: the neighbouring municipalities of population: 4,193 , population: 2,049 , population: 44,600 , and population: 3,595 were all merged with the city of Trondheim population: 56,982 , which nearly doubled the population of the municipality. A transfer of population: 6,050 to Trondheim is planned for 1 January 2020. Coat-of-arms and seal See also: The dates back to the 13th century. To the left, there is an with his staff and in a church archway. On the right, a crowned king holding scales in a castle archway. These two pictures rest on a base which forms an arch. Underneath that arch, are three male heads which symbolise the city's rank as Norway's first capital and the archbishop's place of residence. The scales symbolise justice and the is based on the political philosophy of the 13th century, where the balance of power between king and church was an important issue. The three heads at the bottom may symbolise the city council. The motif is unique in Norwegian municipal heraldry, but similar motifs are found in bishopric cities on the continent. The design of the coat-of-arms that was adopted in 1897, and is still used today, was made by Håkon Thorsen. Jewish history See also: began to settle in Trondheim in 1880, after the change of the Norwegian constitution in 1851, granting Jews permission to settle in Norway. The first in Trondheim was established in 1899, and a newer one came into use by 1925. By 1900, 119 Jews were living in Trondheim, reaching 260 by 1940. The Nazi regime confiscated the in 1941, and used it for military uses. Shortly after, Jews from Trondheim began to emigrate to. The rest were sent to in October 1942. In 1945, after the end of the war, around 80 returned to the city. Out of the 135 individuals sent to , only five remained in Norway. It is unclear how many others, if any, survived. The was repaired in 1947. In May 1997, a museum was opened in Trondheim. At the turn of the 21st century, 120 Jews were living in Trondheim. Autumn along Nidelva; October 2009 Trondheim is situated where the River Nidelva meets with an excellent harbour and sheltered condition. The river used to be deep enough for most boats in the Middle Ages. An avalanche of mud and stones made it less navigable and partly ruined the harbour in the mid-17th century. The municipality's top elevation is the hill, 565 metres 1,854 ft. At the summer , the sun rises at 03:00 and sets at 23:40, but stays just below the horizon—there is no darkness no need for artificial lighting outdoors from 23 May to 19 July under cloud-free conditions. At the winter solstice, the sun rises at 10:01, stays very low above the horizon at midday its altitude is slightly more than 3 degrees over the horizon , and sets at 14:31. Climate Early winter in the hills near the city. Trondheim municipality covers large areas outside the city itself. Trondheim city has a predominantly : Dfb , but closely borders on an oceanic or subpolar oceanic climate. The part of the municipality further away from the fjord has colder winters. The part close to the fjord, such as the city centre, has milder winters. Trondheim is mostly sheltered from the strong south and southwesterly winds which can occur along the outer seaboard. Trondheim experiences moderate snowfall from November to March, but mixed with mild weather and rainfall. There is often more snow and later snowmelt in suburban areas at somewhat higher elevation, such as and , with good skiing conditions in. Spring often sees much sunshine, but nights can be chilly. Temperatures have tended to be warmer in recent years. The area has seen average temperatures increase by almost 2 °C 3. All the monthly record lows are from 1955 or older, with half of them from before 1920. The all-time high was recorded 22 July 1901, and the all-time low in February 1899. The earliest weather stations were located closer to the city centre Trondheim, 58 m , but from 1945 the only weather station has been located further form the centre and at a higher elevation Voll, 127 m and Tyholt, 113 m thus at a colder location. The lapse rate is approximately 0. Three of the monthly record highs are from after 2000. From 1982 - 1993 the city had weather station at Tyholt 113 m while Voll was not operational. Temperatures have warmed in recent decades. The last overnight frost in June was in 1958, and the coldest night in May after year 2000 had low -2. A new sunrecorder was established by met. Earlier sunrecorders had blocking issues due to terrain. Climate data for Trondheim 1981-2010 Voll, 127 m, extremes 1870-2018 also includes earlier stations Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C °F 13. The observation tower accommodates for birdwatching and providing information about birdlife. Despite Trondheim being Norway's third largest city, wild animals can be seen. From 2002 until 2017, a lived in Bymarka. The flows through Trondheim with old storehouses flanking both sides of this river. The and can be seen on the left side of this panorama. Most of Trondheim city centre is scattered with small speciality shops. However, the main shopping area is concentrated around the pedestrianised streets Nordre gate English: Northern street , Olav Tryggvasons gate and Thomas Angells gate even though the rest of the city centre is provided with everything from old, well-established companies to new, hip and trendy shops. The city's central square Torvet In the mid- to late 1990s, the area surrounding the old and ship construction buildings of the defunct shipbuilding company at the was renovated and old industrial buildings were torn down to make way for condominiums. A shopping centre was also built, known as Solsiden The Sunny Side. This is a popular residential and shopping area, especially for young people. Today the bunker houses various archives, among them the city archives, the university and state archives. More recently, DORA has been used as a concert venue. It repelled the invading in 1718, but was decommissioned in 1816 by Crown Prince Regent. A , the founder of Trondheim, is located in the city's central square, mounted on top of an obelisk. The statue base is also a , but it is calibrated to UTC+1 so that the reading is inaccurate by one hour in the summer. The islet Munkholmen is a popular tourist attraction and recreation site. The islet has served as a place of execution, a , a , , and a Second World War gun station. At 140 rooms constituting 4,000 square metres 43,056 sq ft , it is possibly the largest wooden building in , and has been used by royals and their guests since 1800. A statue of is located at the seaside, close to the old Customs Building, the cruise ship facilities and the new swimming hall. The statue is a replica, the original being located at a Seattle. Nidaros Cathedral Nidaros Cathedral front The and the Archbishop's Palace are located side by side in the middle of the city centre. The cathedral, built from 1070 on, is the most important monument in Norway and was Northern Europe's most important Christian site during the Middle Ages, with pilgrimage routes leading to it from in southern Norway and from the and regions of. Today, it is the northernmost medieval cathedral in the world, and the second largest in. During the Middle Ages, and again after independence was restored in 1814, the Nidaros Cathedral was the church of the Norwegian kings. Starting with in 1957, coronation was replaced by. In 1991, the present and were consecrated in the cathedral. On 24 May 2002, their daughter married the writer in the cathedral. The Pilegrimsleden to the site of Saint Olufs's tomb at Cathedral, has recently been re-instated. Also known as St. Olav's Way, Sankt Olavs vei , the main route, which is approximately 640 kilometres 400 mi long, starts in and heads North, along Lake , up the valley , over the mountain range and down the valley to end at in Trondheim. There is a Pilgrim's Office in Oslo which gives advice to pilgrims and a Pilgrim Centre in Trondheim, under the of the cathedral, which awards certificates to successful upon the completion of their journey. Other churches The Lutheran has 21 churches within the municipality of Trondheim. They are all a part of the , which is based in Trondheim at the. Many of the churches are several hundred years old, with a couple which were built almost 1,000 years ago. Lutheran Churches in Trondheim Deanery Prosti Parish Sokn Church name Year built Location Nidaros Nidaros Domkirke og Vår Frue 1070—1300 1200 Bakklandet 1715 Bakklandet Lade 1190 Lademoen 1905 Byåsen Byåsen 1974 Ilen 1889 Sverresborg 1857 Heimdal Byneset 1180 Heimdal 1960 Kolstad 1986 Leinstrand 1673 Tiller 1901 Strinda Berg 1972 Berg Bratsberg 1850 Charlottenlund 1973 Hoeggen 1997 Ranheim 1933 Strinda 1900 Strindheim 1979 Tempe 1960 The Sankt Olav domkirke is the episcopal see of the exempt. Museums River Nidelva in Trondheim The has Norway's third largest public art collection, mainly Norwegian art from the last 150 years. The boasts a large collection of and design, including a great number of tapestries from the Norwegian tapestry artist , as well as Norway's only permanent exhibibition of Japanese. It is now an open-air museum, consisting of more than 60 buildings. The castle was originally built in 1182—1183, but did not last for long as it was burned down in 1188. However, the indicates it had been restored by 1197. The is part of the. There are also a variety of small history, science and museums, such as the , the Armoury, adjacent to the Archbishops's Palace, the music and musical instrument museum , , the , and the , co-located with the city's synagogue, which is among the northernmost in the world. It is located inside an old warehouse, but characterised by an easily recognisable roof in the shape of a box. The municipality is governed by a of elected representatives, which in turn elect a. On 1 January 2005, the city was reorganized from five into four, with each of these having separate social services offices. The current boroughs are 44,967 inhabitants , 42,707 inhabitants , 46,603 inhabitants and 30,744 inhabitants. The Population statistics listed are as of 1 January 2008. Municipal council The Bystyret of Trondheim is made up of 67 representatives that are elected every four years. Prior to 2011, there were 85 city council members, but this number was reduced to 67 in 2011. Trondheim is home to both the NTNU with its many technical lab facilities and disciplines, and BI-Trondheim, a satellite campus for the Norwegian Business School BI. Both universities welcome a number of international students on a yearly basis and offer various scholarships. Olav's is a teaching hospital and cooperates closely with the Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU on both research and medical education. The Air Force Academy of the is located at Kuhaugen in Trondheim. The is located at Lade in Trondheim and is a major geoscientific institution with 220 employees of which 70% are scientists. There are 11 high schools in the city. Brundalen Skole, has big festivals each year, and is building out to increase space. Ila skole was founded in 1770 and is the oldest primary school in Trondheim. The two headquarters of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation NRK are located at in Trondheim, and in Oslo. The student press of Trondheim features three types of media. Radio stations established in Trondheim include Trøndelag-focused opt-out feeds of and , local versions of NRK Trafikk and P5 Hits, Radio Trondheim, and Radio 247. Along with Norway's national radio stations, they can be listened to on across most of Trøndelag, as well as on. The is a museum devoted to music Trondheim has a broad music scene, and is known for its strong communities committed to rock, and. The city's interest in Jazz and classical music are spearheaded by the at which has been called one of the most innovative in the world, and the municipal music school, Trondheim Kommunale Musikk- og Kulturskole. The and the are well-known. The city also hosts a yearly Jazz festival, and is home to. Classical artists hailing from Trondheim include violinist , and. The most popular punk scene is. The music production team started out in Trondheim. Trondheim is also home to Rockheim, the national museum of popular music, which is responsible for collecting, preserving and sharing Norwegian popular music from the 1950s to the present day. Film Trondheim features a lively film scene, including three filmfests: Minimalen Short Film Fest and in March, and in November. There is a cinema in the city centre,. Sports and recreation The pavement cafes at Bakklandet , a venue located in Byåsen, regularly hosts World Cup competitions in , and , as well as the. Trondheim to become the Norwegian candidate for the. Hiking and recreational skiing is available around the city, particularly in , which can be reached by the tramway. Trondheim Golfklubb has a nine-hole golf course in Byåsen. They have won the 25 times between 1967 and 2017, have reached the group stage 12 times, and made it to the last 8. Major sports teams Club Sport Founded League Venue 1917 1901 1921 Trondheim Spektrum 2015 1972 Ørn Arena 1972 Husebyhallen 2014 Husebyhallen Major championships hosted Event Sport Years Venue Granåsen 1907, 1911, 1926, 1933, 1937 Throughout Trondheim , Trondheim Spektrum Trondheim Arena Student culture The building of the With students comprising almost a fifth of the population, the city of Trondheim is heavily influenced by student culture. Most noticeable is , the city's student society. Its characteristic round, red building from 1929 sits at the head of the bridge crossing the river southwards from the city centre. As the largest university in Norway, the NTNU is the host of some 36,000 students. Student culture in Trondheim is characterised by a long-standing tradition of volunteer work. The student society is for example run by more than 1,200 volunteers. Students in Trondheim are also behind two major Norwegian culture festivals, and ISFiT. NTNU lists over 200 student organisations with registered web pages on its servers alone. In popular culture Trondheim culture is parodied on the album in the form of the fictitious Trondheim Hammer Dance. Trondheim is also a key location in the universe, as it is a critical battleground for both factions. Trondheim was the name of a planet in the Hundred Worlds of the book series. Costa Victoria in Trondheim Trondheim has an international airport, , situated in , which is Norway's fourth largest airport in terms of passenger traffic. Værnes has non-stop connections to cities such as , , , and , among others. The domestic route Trondheim - Oslo is among the busiest air routes in Europe with around 2 million passengers annually. A tram in Trondheim Major railway connections are the northbound , the eastbound to and in Sweden, and two southbound connections to Oslo, the and. The Coastal Express ships : Covering the — stretch of the coast call at Trondheim, as do many during the summer season. Since 1994 there is also a fast commuter boat service to , the closest coastal city to the southwest. Every morning the Hurtigruten ships have one southbound and one northbound arrivals and departures in Trondheim. A from the port of Flakk in the northwest of the municipality, connects Trondheim with. Various bridge projects over the Trondheim Fjord to replace the ferry have been planned, but none have begun construction. Trondheim also boasts the northernmost since closure of tram in 2004 line in the world: the , the last remaining segment of the , is an 8. Trondheim boasts the world's only bicycle lift,. The bus network, operated by , runs throughout most of the city and its suburbs. In addition, the Nattbuss Night Bus service ensures cheap and effective transport for those enjoying nightlife in the city centre during the weekends. The Nattbus has other prices than ordinary buses. The highway passes through the city centre of Trondheim in addition to a motorway bypass along the eastern rim of the city. Retrieved 10 June 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2018. Retrieved 10 June 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2008. Archived from on 22 February 2013. Retrieved 19 April 2011. Archived from on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 29 October 2008. Archived from on 12 September 2014. 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